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Chemical Weathering

Acidic water (from pollution or natural) dissolve limestone allowing for additional water to gain entrance. It can cause sinkholes and karst features as well as dissolution of statutes and gravestones.


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road damage caused by ice heaving


Physical Weathering

Water in the ground below paved roads freezes and expands, lifting the pavement unevenly and sometimes allowing sections to collapse after the ice melts.

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Ice Wedging in rock

Physical Weathering

Liquid water runs into existing cracks in rocks. when it freezes, the water expands the crack is widened.